What role is played by vitamin B12 cobalamin to methionine synthase?
Vitamin B12 is essential for the synthesis of myelin in nerve tissue, a function probably related to methionine production from the methionine synthase reaction and the subsequent formation of S-adenosyl-methionine.
What is the cofactor for methionine synthase?
cobalamin
Methionine synthase is known to promote methyl group transfer from methylated folate to homocysteine to yield methionine. This reaction is supported by cobalamin as a cofactor in methionine synthase.
What type of enzyme is methionine synthase?
vitamin B12-dependent enzyme
Methionine synthase is a vitamin B12-dependent enzyme. It is a component of the cycle of reactions involved in regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. This regeneration is impaired by vitamin B12 deficiency, leading to an accumulation of homocysteine and 5-methyl-H4folate in the cell.
What is the function of methionine synthase?
This enzyme plays a role in processing amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Specifically, methionine synthase carries out a chemical reaction that converts the amino acid homocysteine to another amino acid called methionine. The body uses methionine to make proteins and other important compounds.
What is the role of folic acid and vitamin B12 in red blood cell production?
It helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body’s genetic material, especially when cells and tissues are growing rapidly, such as during infancy, adolescence, and pregnancy. Folic acid works closely with vitamin B12 in making red blood cells and helps iron function properly in the body.
What is the relationship between cobalamin and folate?
The relationship between cobalamin and folate coenzymes in hemopoiesis appears to be the result of some role of cobalamins in the utilization of folates. The effects of cobalamin deficiency on folate metabolism are discussed in the context of those hypotheses which are best able to explain the observed data.
What is methionine cycle?
Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid. In the Methionine Cycle, methionine’s methyl group becomes activated by ATP with the addition of adenosine to the sulfur of methionine, adjacent to the methyl group to form S−Adenosyl Methionine (SAMe).
Which vitamin deficiency causes homocystinuria?
Classic homocystinuria is caused by deficiency of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), a pyridoxine (vitamin B6)-dependent enzyme.
Which vitamins are required for the production of methionine from homocysteine?
Vitamin B12 and folic acid are the fundamental elements for Hcy remethylation to methionine and cysteine transsulfuration. Homocysteine causes lipid peroxidation, free radical formation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
What are the symptoms of low folic acid?
Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency anaemia can cause a wide range of symptoms. These usually develop gradually, but can worsen if the condition goes untreated.
- extreme tiredness (fatigue)
- lack of energy (lethargy)
- breathlessness.
- feeling faint.
- headaches.
- pale skin.
- noticeable heartbeats (palpitations)
Is folate the SAMe as B12?
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is found in foods from animals, such as red meat, fish, poultry, milk, yogurt, and eggs. Folate (Vitamin B9) refers to a natural occurring form of the vitamin, whereas folic acid refers to the supplement added to foods and drinks.