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What does HMG-CoA synthase do?

What does HMG-CoA synthase do?

HMG-CoA is the precursor for cholesterol synthesis. HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.

What is HMG-CoA fate?

β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. HMG-CoA is a metabolic intermediate in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, which include leucine, isoleucine, and valine.

What regulates HMG-CoA synthase?

HMG-CoA synthase promoter activity is regulated by insulin or EGF. Luciferase activity in HaCaT keratinocytes transfected with a luciferase reporter construct containing the wild-type HMG-CoA synthase promoter.

Where is HMG-CoA synthesized?

mitochondrial matrix
The mitochondrial matrix enzyme HMGCS2 catalyzes the formation of HMG-CoA from acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA. A cytosolic HMG-CoA synthase, HMG-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1), catalyzes the same reaction in the sterol biosynthetic pathway (see Figure 37-1, C).

How HMG-CoA is formed?

HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.

What is the function of HMG-CoA that is found in the SER of liver cells?

HMG-CoA Reductase (or 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase or HMGR) is the rate-controlling enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, responsible for cholesterol and other isoprenoid biosynthesis. HMGR is a transmembrane protein, containing 8 domains, that is anchored in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum.

How does HMG-CoA work?

β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, more popularly known as statins, work by reducing the cholesterol levels in the body. HMG-CoA inhibitors interfere with the ability of the body to build cholesterol from dietary fat. Statins bind to the active site of the enzyme and change its structure.

Why is HMG-CoA reductase important?

Clinical significance Since the reaction catalysed by HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis, this enzyme represents the sole major drug target for contemporary cholesterol-lowering drugs in humans.

Why is HMG-CoA important?

How do you reduce HMG-CoA reductase?

HMG coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and reduce cellular cholesterol synthesis [1]. Lower intracellular cholesterol concentrations cause over-expression of the LDL receptor in the plasma membrane of hepatocytes.

Where does HMG-CoA reductase work?

Introduction. Also known as statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors work by inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase.

How is HMG-CoA reductase activated?

Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase First by regulation of transcription of the reductase gene, which is activated by sterol regulatory element binding protein, a protein that binds to the promoter of the HMGR gene when cholesterol levels fall.